Human Rights and Religious Traditions: Global Dialogues on Dignity, Justice, and Pluralism

چکیده

The intersection of human rights and religious traditions forms a vital global dialogue where concepts of inherent human dignity, justice, and pluralism are continually negotiated across theological, cultural, and political boundaries. This mixed-methods metasynthesis integrates findings from qualitative interpretive studies, policy analyses, and quantitative human rights indices spanning 1990 to 2026 to examine how major religious traditions—including Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Indigenous spiritualities—engage with universal human rights norms such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam, and Vatican II’s Dignitatis Humanae. Drawing on interreligious initiatives such as the UN Faith for Rights framework and KAICIID programs, alongside theoretical contributions from Catholic social ethics and secular critiques of universality versus relativism, the study conducts a comparative analysis of Western liberal, Islamic, Buddhist, and communitarian approaches. Synthesized results reveal significant convergences on dignity as a shared ontological foundation, while highlighting persistent tensions regarding religious freedom, gender equality, economic justice, and communal versus individual rights. Best practices emerge in contextual hermeneutics, interfaith praxis, and hybrid theological-legal frameworks that reconcile particular traditions with universal standards. Challenges include religious nationalism, secular exclusion of faith voices, and implementation gaps in plural societies. Outcomes indicate moderate improvements in policy legitimacy, social cohesion, and rights realization when religious actors actively participate in rights discourse. This metasynthesis affirms that religious traditions serve as essential resources for deepening and legitimizing human rights implementation in multicultural contexts. Limitations include Western bias in available literature and the interpretive nature of synthesis. Future directions emphasize institutionalized global dialogues and faith-sensitive policy mechanisms to advance dignity and justice worldwide.